Programming Language and compiler
Benchmarks

Results for 38 of 40 languages from this run on actest1.

Unavailable in this run: Hack, Lisp. Follow the run link for failure details.

Crystal VS Codon benchmarks

Current benchmark data was generated on Sun Sep 27 2026, full log can be found HERE

CONTRIBUTIONS are WELCOME!

[x86_64][4 cores] Intel(R) Core(TM) i7-3687U CPU @ 2.10GHz (Model 58)

* -m in a file name stands for multi-threading or multi-processing

* -i in a file name stands for direct intrinsics usage. (Usage of simd intrinsics via libraries is not counted)

* -ffi in a file name stands for non-stdlib FFI usage

* (You may find time < time(user) + time(sys) for some non-parallelized programs, the overhead is from GC or JIT compiler, which are allowed to take advantage of multi-cores as that's more close to real-world scenarios.)

binarytrees

Input: 18

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 2516ms 29ms 57.1MB 2487ms 10ms crystal 1.11.2

Input: 15

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 223ms 20ms 9.5MB 207ms 0ms crystal 1.11.2

coro-prime-sieve

Input: 4000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 2387ms 104ms 20.1MB 2310ms 60ms crystal 1.11.2

Input: 1000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 94ms 1.2ms 7.3MB 73ms 10ms crystal 1.11.2

edigits

Input: 250001

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 100ms 23ms 7.2MB 83ms 3ms crystal 1.11.2

Input: 100000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 33ms 2.6ms 4.9MB 20ms 0ms crystal 1.11.2

fannkuch-redux

Input: 11

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 3642ms 13ms 2.5MB 3633ms 0ms crystal 1.11.2

Input: 10

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 295ms 1.0ms 2.5MB 280ms 0ms crystal 1.11.2

fasta

Input: 2500000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 2.cr 622ms 5.2ms 2.9MB 493ms 110ms crystal 1.11.2
crystal 1.cr 864ms 8.7ms 14.1MB 743ms 100ms crystal 1.11.2

Input: 250000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 2.cr 78ms 5.8ms 2.9MB 57ms 10ms crystal 1.11.2
crystal 1.cr 94ms 2.3ms 4.0MB 70ms 7ms crystal 1.11.2

helloworld

Input: QwQ

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 2.8ms 0.5ms 2.5MB 0ms 0ms crystal 1.11.2
codon 1.py 9.9ms 0.8ms 10.9MB 7ms 3ms codon 0.20.2

http-server

Input: 3000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 4232ms 927ms 223.2MB 540ms 507ms crystal 1.11.2

Input: 500

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 1222ms 100ms 62.3MB 63ms 77ms crystal 1.11.2

lru

Input: 1000 1000000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 0-unsafe.cr 55ms 2.8ms 2.9MB 40ms 0ms crystal 1.11.2
crystal 1.cr 88ms 0.3ms 2.4MB 80ms 0ms crystal 1.11.2

Input: 1000 3000000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 0-unsafe.cr 155ms 2.1ms 2.5MB 147ms 0ms crystal 1.11.2
crystal 1.cr 260ms 6.8ms 2.5MB 250ms 0ms crystal 1.11.2

Input: 100 500000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 0-unsafe.cr 32ms 3.0ms 2.5MB 23ms 0ms crystal 1.11.2
crystal 1.cr 47ms 2.2ms 2.5MB 37ms 0ms crystal 1.11.2

mandelbrot

Input: 5000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 507ms 1.0ms 9.4MB 493ms 0ms crystal 1.11.2

Input: 1000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 27ms 0.6ms 6.1MB 20ms 0ms crystal 1.11.2

merkletrees

Input: 17

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 1329ms 15ms 65.7MB 1307ms 10ms crystal 1.11.2

Input: 15

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 270ms 3.0ms 23.9MB 253ms 0ms crystal 1.11.2

nbody

Input: 5000000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 2.cr 632ms 1.1ms 3.0MB 620ms 0ms crystal 1.11.2
crystal 1.cr 636ms 6.6ms 3.0MB 623ms 0ms crystal 1.11.2
codon 1.py 2621ms 35ms 11.0MB 2900ms 0ms codon 0.20.2

Input: 500000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 2.cr 68ms 0.7ms 3.0MB 57ms 0ms crystal 1.11.2
crystal 1.cr 68ms 2.8ms 3.0MB 60ms 0ms crystal 1.11.2
codon 1-m.py 357ms 59ms 11.0MB 610ms 0ms codon 0.20.2

nsieve

Input: 12

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 2.cr 597ms 9.0ms 11.8MB 580ms 0ms crystal 1.11.2
crystal 1.cr 1077ms 11ms 42.4MB 1060ms 0ms crystal 1.11.2
codon 2.py 1317ms 10ms 110.4MB 1597ms 10ms codon 0.20.2
codon 1.py 1510ms 4.1ms 49.9MB 1783ms 10ms codon 0.20.2

Input: 10

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 2.cr 116ms 1.9ms 5.3MB 100ms 0ms crystal 1.11.2
crystal 1.cr 210ms 7.1ms 21.0MB 197ms 0ms crystal 1.11.2
codon 2-m.py 292ms 4.4ms 29.3MB 570ms 3ms codon 0.20.2
codon 1-m.py 358ms 6.6ms 20.7MB 643ms 0ms codon 0.20.2

pidigits

Input: 8000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 3508ms 129ms 5.6MB 3480ms 10ms crystal 1.11.2

Input: 4000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 831ms 12ms 4.3MB 807ms 3ms crystal 1.11.2

spectral-norm

Input: 8000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 11056ms 4.8ms 3.9MB 11043ms 0ms crystal 1.11.2

Input: 4000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 2769ms 0.6ms 3.9MB 2757ms 0ms crystal 1.11.2

Input: 2000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 699ms 4.1ms 3.5MB 687ms 0ms crystal 1.11.2