Programming Language and compiler
Benchmarks

Results for 38 of 40 languages from this run on actest1.

Unavailable in this run: Hack, Lisp. Follow the run link for failure details.

OCaml VS Crystal benchmarks

Current benchmark data was generated on Sun Sep 27 2026, full log can be found HERE

CONTRIBUTIONS are WELCOME!

[x86_64][4 cores] Intel(R) Core(TM) i7-3687U CPU @ 2.10GHz (Model 58)

* -m in a file name stands for multi-threading or multi-processing

* -i in a file name stands for direct intrinsics usage. (Usage of simd intrinsics via libraries is not counted)

* -ffi in a file name stands for non-stdlib FFI usage

* (You may find time < time(user) + time(sys) for some non-parallelized programs, the overhead is from GC or JIT compiler, which are allowed to take advantage of multi-cores as that's more close to real-world scenarios.)

binarytrees

Input: 18

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 2516ms 29ms 57.1MB 2487ms 10ms crystal 1.11.2
ocaml 1.ml 5051ms 131ms 156.9MB 4967ms 63ms ocaml 5.3.0

Input: 15

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 223ms 20ms 9.5MB 207ms 0ms crystal 1.11.2
ocaml 1.ml 379ms 6.4ms 19.3MB 360ms 3ms ocaml 5.3.0

fannkuch-redux

Input: 11

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 3642ms 13ms 2.5MB 3633ms 0ms crystal 1.11.2
ocaml 2.ml 3708ms 10ms 2.7MB 3697ms 0ms ocaml 5.3.0

Input: 10

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 295ms 1.0ms 2.5MB 280ms 0ms crystal 1.11.2
ocaml 2.ml 341ms 78ms 4.8MB 327ms 0ms ocaml 5.3.0

fasta

Input: 2500000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
ocaml 6.ml 349ms 5.9ms 23.0MB 333ms 0ms ocaml 5.3.0
crystal 2.cr 622ms 5.2ms 2.9MB 493ms 110ms crystal 1.11.2
crystal 1.cr 864ms 8.7ms 14.1MB 743ms 100ms crystal 1.11.2

Input: 250000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
ocaml 6.ml 41ms 1.4ms 5.5MB 27ms 0ms ocaml 5.3.0
crystal 2.cr 78ms 5.8ms 2.9MB 57ms 10ms crystal 1.11.2
crystal 1.cr 94ms 2.3ms 4.0MB 70ms 7ms crystal 1.11.2

helloworld

Input: QwQ

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
ocaml 1.ml 2.3ms 0.5ms 3.1MB 0ms 0ms ocaml 5.3.0
crystal 1.cr 2.8ms 0.5ms 2.5MB 0ms 0ms crystal 1.11.2

lru

Input: 1000 1000000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 0-unsafe.cr 55ms 2.8ms 2.9MB 40ms 0ms crystal 1.11.2
crystal 1.cr 88ms 0.3ms 2.4MB 80ms 0ms crystal 1.11.2
ocaml 1.ml 271ms 4.6ms 6.5MB 257ms 0ms ocaml 5.3.0

Input: 1000 3000000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 0-unsafe.cr 155ms 2.1ms 2.5MB 147ms 0ms crystal 1.11.2
crystal 1.cr 260ms 6.8ms 2.5MB 250ms 0ms crystal 1.11.2
ocaml 1.ml 760ms 12ms 6.4MB 750ms 0ms ocaml 5.3.0

Input: 100 500000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 0-unsafe.cr 32ms 3.0ms 2.5MB 23ms 0ms crystal 1.11.2
crystal 1.cr 47ms 2.2ms 2.5MB 37ms 0ms crystal 1.11.2
ocaml 1.ml 131ms 26ms 5.9MB 120ms 0ms ocaml 5.3.0

merkletrees

Input: 17

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 1329ms 15ms 65.7MB 1307ms 10ms crystal 1.11.2
ocaml 1.ml 1750ms 70ms 71.3MB 1707ms 27ms ocaml 5.3.0
ocaml 2.ml 3254ms 22ms 92.0MB 3210ms 30ms ocaml 5.3.0

Input: 15

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 270ms 3.0ms 23.9MB 253ms 0ms crystal 1.11.2
ocaml 1.ml 285ms 24ms 21.8MB 267ms 0ms ocaml 5.3.0
ocaml 2.ml 599ms 0.6ms 27.8MB 570ms 10ms ocaml 5.3.0

nbody

Input: 5000000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 2.cr 632ms 1.1ms 3.0MB 620ms 0ms crystal 1.11.2
crystal 1.cr 636ms 6.6ms 3.0MB 623ms 0ms crystal 1.11.2
ocaml 1.ml 697ms 7.9ms 2.7MB 687ms 0ms ocaml 5.3.0

Input: 500000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 2.cr 68ms 0.7ms 3.0MB 57ms 0ms crystal 1.11.2
crystal 1.cr 68ms 2.8ms 3.0MB 60ms 0ms crystal 1.11.2
ocaml 1.ml 75ms 1.3ms 2.7MB 67ms 0ms ocaml 5.3.0

nsieve

Input: 12

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 2.cr 597ms 9.0ms 11.8MB 580ms 0ms crystal 1.11.2
crystal 1.cr 1077ms 11ms 42.4MB 1060ms 0ms crystal 1.11.2
ocaml 1.ml 1803ms 29ms 547.7MB 1730ms 57ms ocaml 5.3.0
ocaml 2.ml 3669ms 69ms 19.0MB 3653ms 0ms ocaml 5.3.0

Input: 10

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 2.cr 116ms 1.9ms 5.3MB 100ms 0ms crystal 1.11.2
crystal 1.cr 210ms 7.1ms 21.0MB 197ms 0ms crystal 1.11.2
ocaml 1.ml 424ms 2.5ms 133.8MB 393ms 13ms ocaml 5.3.0
ocaml 2.ml 745ms 19ms 9.3MB 730ms 0ms ocaml 5.3.0

regex-redux

Input: 2500000_in

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
ocaml 2.ml 6927ms 135ms 485.2MB 6767ms 147ms ocaml 5.3.0

Input: 250000_in

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
ocaml 2.ml 707ms 9.4ms 57.3MB 673ms 17ms ocaml 5.3.0

spectral-norm

Input: 8000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
ocaml 2.ml 11056ms 13ms 4.6MB 11043ms 0ms ocaml 5.3.0
crystal 1.cr 11056ms 4.8ms 3.9MB 11043ms 0ms crystal 1.11.2

Input: 4000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 2769ms 0.6ms 3.9MB 2757ms 0ms crystal 1.11.2
ocaml 2.ml 2773ms 3.9ms 4.1MB 2760ms 0ms ocaml 5.3.0

Input: 2000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 699ms 4.1ms 3.5MB 687ms 0ms crystal 1.11.2
ocaml 2.ml 702ms 3.3ms 3.3MB 687ms 0ms ocaml 5.3.0