Programming Language and compiler
Benchmarks

Results for 38 of 40 languages from this run on actest1.

Unavailable in this run: Hack, Lisp. Follow the run link for failure details.

Go VS Kotlin benchmarks

Current benchmark data was generated on Sun Sep 27 2026, full log can be found HERE

CONTRIBUTIONS are WELCOME!

[x86_64][4 cores] Intel(R) Core(TM) i7-3687U CPU @ 2.10GHz (Model 58)

* -m in a file name stands for multi-threading or multi-processing

* -i in a file name stands for direct intrinsics usage. (Usage of simd intrinsics via libraries is not counted)

* -ffi in a file name stands for non-stdlib FFI usage

* (You may find time < time(user) + time(sys) for some non-parallelized programs, the overhead is from GC or JIT compiler, which are allowed to take advantage of multi-cores as that's more close to real-world scenarios.)

binarytrees

Input: 18

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
kotlin 1.kt 794ms 80ms 581.9MB 1017ms 130ms kotlin/jvm 21.0.12
go 1-m.go 3946ms 44ms 39.9MB 8090ms 37ms go 1.26.8

Input: 15

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
kotlin 1.kt 188ms 30ms 159.7MB 233ms 30ms kotlin/jvm 21.0.12
go 1.go 350ms 12ms 10.1MB 517ms 7ms go 1.26.8

coro-prime-sieve

Input: 4000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
go 1-m.go 1368ms 83ms 17.7MB 5267ms 7ms go 1.26.8
kotlin 2-m.kt 3342ms 283ms 229.6MB 12590ms 123ms kotlin/jvm 21.0.12
kotlin 1.kt 3615ms 290ms 219.6MB 4723ms 107ms kotlin/jvm 21.0.12

Input: 1000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
go 1-m.go 84ms 17ms 7.7MB 283ms 0ms go 1.26.8
kotlin 1-m.kt 738ms 7.2ms 77.4MB 1727ms 47ms kotlin/jvm 21.0.12
kotlin 2-m.kt 1625ms 206ms 97.5MB 5807ms 100ms kotlin/jvm 21.0.12

edigits

Input: 250001

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
go 1.go 248ms 30ms 10.5MB 240ms 0ms go 1.26.8

Input: 100000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
go 1.go 65ms 7.2ms 10.1MB 53ms 0ms go 1.26.8

fannkuch-redux

Input: 11

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
go 3-m.go 979ms 13ms 5.8MB 3760ms 0ms go 1.26.8

Input: 10

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
go 3-m.go 94ms 5.5ms 5.8MB 260ms 0ms go 1.26.8

fasta

Input: 2500000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
go 3-m.go 159ms 1.5ms 7.8MB 410ms 3ms go 1.26.8

Input: 250000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
go 3-m.go 20ms 0.2ms 7.8MB 37ms 0ms go 1.26.8

helloworld

Input: QwQ

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
go 1.go 3.0ms 0.7ms 5.0MB 0ms 0ms go 1.26.8
kotlin 1-m.kt 87ms 4.3ms 46.2MB 136ms 12ms kotlin/jvm 21.0.12

http-server

Input: 3000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
go 1-http2.go 199ms 7.0ms 60.7MB 623ms 73ms go 1.26.8
go 1-m.go 609ms 89ms 172.2MB 1130ms 580ms go 1.26.8
go 2-m.go 629ms 27ms 174.8MB 1080ms 603ms go 1.26.8
kotlin 2-m.kt 9841ms 283ms 341.7MB 32387ms 3343ms kotlin/jvm 21.0.12
kotlin 1-m.kt 11376ms 242ms 433.1MB 37790ms 4520ms kotlin/jvm 21.0.12

Input: 500

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
go 1-http2.go 47ms 2.4ms 26.0MB 110ms 13ms go 1.26.8
go 2-m.go 160ms 2.3ms 41.5MB 150ms 100ms go 1.26.8
go 1-m.go 167ms 5.5ms 39.2MB 153ms 110ms go 1.26.8
kotlin 2-m.kt 3791ms 276ms 249.0MB 11797ms 810ms kotlin/jvm 21.0.12
kotlin 1-m.kt 3917ms 180ms 275.4MB 12153ms 857ms kotlin/jvm 21.0.12

json-serde

Input: sample 5000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
go 2-ffi.go 73ms 4.7ms 41.2MB 73ms 3ms go 1.26.8
go 1.go 216ms 18ms 20.7MB 207ms 0ms go 1.26.8
kotlin 1-m.kt 1371ms 105ms 176.1MB 3830ms 140ms kotlin/jvm 21.0.12

Input: canada 15

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
go 2-ffi.go 477ms 33ms 147.2MB 503ms 40ms go 1.26.8
go 1.go 1190ms 33ms 107.0MB 1183ms 17ms go 1.26.8
kotlin 1-m.kt 3079ms 117ms 749.4MB 7240ms 250ms kotlin/jvm 21.0.12

knucleotide

Input: 2500000_in

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
go 7-m.go 1057ms 31ms 42.5MB 3777ms 13ms go 1.26.8

Input: 250000_in

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
go 7-m.go 184ms 2.8ms 25.9MB 520ms 10ms go 1.26.8

lru

Input: 1000 1000000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
go 3.go 167ms 1.9ms 5.8MB 153ms 0ms go 1.26.8
kotlin 1-m.kt 284ms 4.7ms 95.4MB 503ms 33ms kotlin/jvm 21.0.12
kotlin 2-m.kt 389ms 13ms 99.5MB 863ms 27ms kotlin/jvm 21.0.12

Input: 1000 3000000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
kotlin 1-m.kt 482ms 4.8ms 201.4MB 717ms 47ms kotlin/jvm 21.0.12
go 3.go 482ms 4.0ms 4.9MB 473ms 0ms go 1.26.8
kotlin 2-m.kt 543ms 5.7ms 209.8MB 993ms 67ms kotlin/jvm 21.0.12

Input: 100 500000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
go 3.go 75ms 2.1ms 2.9MB 67ms 0ms go 1.26.8
kotlin 1-m.kt 255ms 1.9ms 91.1MB 500ms 37ms kotlin/jvm 21.0.12
kotlin 2-m.kt 302ms 15ms 95.4MB 693ms 23ms kotlin/jvm 21.0.12

mandelbrot

Input: 5000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
go 1.go 5080ms 21ms 7.8MB 5073ms 3ms go 1.26.8

Input: 1000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
go 1.go 212ms 1.8ms 5.8MB 200ms 0ms go 1.26.8

merkletrees

Input: 17

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
kotlin 1.kt 641ms 8.2ms 676.7MB 820ms 93ms kotlin/jvm 21.0.12
go 2-m.go 2861ms 32ms 35.4MB 5927ms 33ms go 1.26.8
go 1-m.go 3072ms 206ms 36.8MB 5667ms 47ms go 1.26.8

Input: 15

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
kotlin 1-m.kt 250ms 11ms 205.0MB 363ms 67ms kotlin/jvm 21.0.12
go 1-m.go 617ms 73ms 14.2MB 1040ms 43ms go 1.26.8
go 2-m.go 642ms 38ms 14.3MB 1227ms 20ms go 1.26.8

nbody

Input: 5000000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
go 1.go 668ms 14ms 5.0MB 657ms 0ms go 1.26.8
kotlin 1.kt 884ms 6.3ms 49.9MB 980ms 17ms kotlin/jvm 21.0.12

Input: 500000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
go 1.go 74ms 3.6ms 5.6MB 63ms 0ms go 1.26.8
kotlin 1-m.kt 208ms 14ms 49.7MB 297ms 17ms kotlin/jvm 21.0.12

nsieve

Input: 12

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
go 1.go 984ms 2.2ms 73.9MB 970ms 3ms go 1.26.8
go 2.go 1267ms 63ms 20.8MB 1250ms 10ms go 1.26.8

Input: 10

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
go 1.go 177ms 2.2ms 21.8MB 170ms 0ms go 1.26.8
go 2.go 285ms 10.0ms 9.4MB 273ms 0ms go 1.26.8

pidigits

Input: 8000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
go 8.go 1276ms 10ms 10.7MB 1260ms 0ms go 1.26.8
kotlin 1.kt 5427ms 177ms 419.0MB 6873ms 170ms kotlin/jvm 21.0.12

Input: 4000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
go 8.go 305ms 3.5ms 10.6MB 290ms 0ms go 1.26.8
kotlin 1-m.kt 1629ms 66ms 362.2MB 3007ms 117ms kotlin/jvm 21.0.12

regex-redux

Input: 2500000_in

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
kotlin 1.kt 8673ms 241ms 178.9MB 9617ms 70ms kotlin/jvm 21.0.12
go 3.go 27882ms 432ms 149.1MB 27900ms 67ms go 1.26.8

Input: 250000_in

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
kotlin 1-m.kt 1293ms 57ms 133.7MB 2110ms 47ms kotlin/jvm 21.0.12
go 3.go 2893ms 31ms 22.2MB 2887ms 10ms go 1.26.8

secp256k1

Input: 2000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
go 0-ffi.go 148ms 20ms 7.3MB 133ms 3ms go 1.26.8
kotlin 1.kt 5266ms 83ms 228.7MB 6800ms 87ms kotlin/jvm 21.0.12

Input: 500

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
go 0-ffi.go 38ms 1.1ms 7.4MB 30ms 0ms go 1.26.8
kotlin 1-m.kt 1750ms 44ms 260.1MB 2960ms 50ms kotlin/jvm 21.0.12

spectral-norm

Input: 8000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
go 4-m.go 5816ms 1.9ms 7.8MB 22930ms 10ms go 1.26.8
go 1.go 11055ms 15ms 5.8MB 11050ms 7ms go 1.26.8

Input: 4000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
go 4-m.go 1460ms 2.3ms 5.8MB 5700ms 3ms go 1.26.8
go 1.go 2775ms 4.4ms 5.8MB 2763ms 0ms go 1.26.8

Input: 2000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
go 4-m.go 369ms 0.7ms 5.8MB 1390ms 0ms go 1.26.8
go 1.go 698ms 5.8ms 5.8MB 687ms 3ms go 1.26.8